Artist, art-writer and curator Merlin James gives a brief history of grassroots activity in Glasgow, and then shares his current favourite exhibitions in artist-run spaces (with a wee mention of my exhibition at Market Gallery!)
Glasgow is famous for artist-run spaces and grassroots initiatives
that have been launching and sustaining careers for at least three
decades. The classic example is Transmission gallery, born out of
frustration at the almost total lack of exhibition opportunities in
Scotland back then. It was established in 1983 with minimal Arts Council
funding and empty real estate from the city council. It continues today
as a non-profit collective with a regularly changing committee, an
annual members' show and a program of solo and group exhibitions
combining the local and international. Early Transmission committees
featured many names still central to Glasgow's art world, including
curator Malcolm Dixon (founder of the left-wing
Variant
magazine and now director of the photography gallery Street Level), film
maker Doug Aubrey, theorist Billy Clark and artists Christine Borland,
Douglas Gordon, Carol Rhodes, Claire Barclay and Richard Walker. Through
changes of venue and fallow patches, Transmission manages periodic
self-renewal (while clinging to paste-and-photocopy mailings that by now
are pure nostalgia). The present committee includes Darren Rhymes,
Emilia Muller-Ginorio and Hannes Hellström. The current show, by L.A.
artist Jennifer Moon, mixing printed matter, installation, photography
and archived documents, resonates with a lot of recent art in Glasgow in
its esthetic, and its mix of the subjective and the political.
Of
course Transmission, and Glasgow's artist-led scene in general, are not
new news. Ten years ago now, art writer Sarah Lowndes published
Social
Sculpture: The Rise of the Glasgow Art Scene, based on
her
doctoral thesis about artists' initiatives in the city. A new edition
(Luath Press, Edinburgh) brought the account more up to date in 2010.
But despite the longevity of Transmission and other spaces, things
change fast. Lowndes might soon need to write a whole new volume. Pop-up
ventures pop up, then pop, or morph or multiply into other enterprises.
Co-ops have become commercial galleries, either thriving, surviving or
eventually throwing in the towel. Movers and shakers come and go. New
generations of graduates constantly filter into the system via Glasgow
School of Art and elsewhere (many from continental Europe, Scandinavia,
the States, and recently a lot from Canada). Studio shows, temporary
galleries in empty commercial premises, ad-hoc exhibitions and
semi-informal salons in people's apartments--all these happen in amazing
abundance here. The city's music scene, as Lowndes' book stresses,
constitutes a sister network, with clubs, cafe-bars, rehearsal spaces
and concert venues where visual and conceptual and performance art are
also part of the mix. (I recently went to the Glad Cafe on the south
side, to see artist Lucy Stein create painterly projections over the
explosively improvised drumming of Alex Neilson and baritone sax of
Sybren Renema.)
Also shading into Glasgow's fine art
milieu are cottage industries of graphic and product design and
"alt-couture." And all this is cross-pollinated by publications,
journals of creative and critical writing, artist's books, zines and
ephemera of all kinds, distributed at several niche outlets across town.
Notably there's Aye-Aye Books, run by Martin Vincent at the Centre for
Contemporary Art, and Good Press, located next to hip record store
Monorail (within the much-loved vegan café-bar Mono).
Bits of
support for all this activity come from an intermittently sympathetic
city council, and grants from the arts administration body Creative
Scotland (formerly the Scottish Arts Council). But funding is often
meager and the criteria for awarding it are frequently dubious. The best
efforts rely on the energy and inventiveness of individuals and the
proverbial shoestring budget. So venues open and close, and things
evolve. One legendary location of recent memory is a towering Art Deco
building just south of the Clyde known as Chateau. It was a regular gig
of the GSA-nurtured Franz Ferdinand and other bands; home for a while to
independent fashion house Che Camille; scene of rooftop barbecues,
impromptu studio exhibitions, film screenings and art soirées. Until one
night when (miraculously without human casualty) the stairwell
collapsed. The place has been closed ever since, but its denizens forge
on elsewhere.
A related venture in the last decade was
Switchspace, a peripatetic exhibition program that showcased, among many
others, Ilana Halperin, David Sherry and Mick Peters. It was run by
artist Marianne Greated and fellow GSA graduate Sorcha Dallas. The
latter then ran her own commercial gallery up to 2011, showing artists
including Alex Pollard, Kate Davis, Charlie Hammond and Craig
Mulholland. (Dallas now works on individual projects, and still
represents veteran Glasgow artist and writer Alasdair Gray.)
Another
outfit that at least until a couple of years ago would periodically
resurface in various flats, railway arches and empty shop spaces was
Washington Garcia. This gallery brought in out-of-town figures, like
U.S. performance and video artist Kalup Linzy, offering him an edgier
forum than, say, New Territories, the city's annual (sometimes
pretentious and politically correct) festival of "live art." Washington
Garcia organizer Kendall Koppe now runs a commercial gallery that is one
of the most positive recent developments on the Glasgow art horizon.
When
it comes to artist-run exhibition spaces happening right now in the
city, the best I can hope to offer is brief profiles of not necessarily
the top 10, but 10 that seem to have a current buzz. The desert of 1983
has, in 30 years, turned into a jungle. One needs a machete of sharp
critical judgment to cut one's way through the art shown in Glasgow in
any given month. But here's a sketched map of the terrain.
The
Old Hairdressers is a city-center bar that first opened for
the 2010 Glasgow International, the city's contemporary art biennial.
Artists Tony Swain, Raydale Dower and Rob Churm hosted a neo-Dada
cabaret of bands, experimental music, performance and readings, with
work by Glasgow artists ‘round the walls. Since then it's become
established as one of the city's art-and-music bars. (The same
proprietor runs Stereo, a music venue, pub and vegetarian cafe across
the lane, plus Mono and The 78, in the east and west ends of town
respectively.) For last year's GI, Rob Churm and others editioned
Prawn's
Pee, a daily tabloid of words and images that gradually covered
the walls. Exhibitions and events continue, including a regular audio
arts evening called Light Out Listening.
David Dale
Gallery. A former technical college building in a Brooklyn-ish
light industrial zone in the east end. A good daylit gallery space with
studios above, run by a three-artist board. There are short artists'
residencies, with associated shows. In the three or so years of its
existence it has racked up around 20 exhibitions. Guest curators
sometimes take the reins and the program is still maybe finding its
feet. A recent show exposed Marzia Rossi's drapings, dustings and
daubings of abject or ephemeral materials, uncomfortably close to local
girl Karla Black (who had emerged 10 years ago through venues like
Chateau and Switchspace). As I write, the current show brings together
Danish artist Ditte Gantriis with French-Canadian Marie-Michelle
Deschamps.
Market Gallery occupies a couple of
newly built concrete-block storefronts on Duke Street, a semi-bohemian
east end neighborhood. It has a six-strong directors board and a
six-member 'rolling' committee--which sounds admin-heavy, but the feel
of the place is no-frills and energetic. There are artist's film
screenings, performances, and regular residencies. The most recent
resident was Helen Shaddock, an installation and book artist (who runs,
with Harald Turek, the annual Glasgow artists' book fair). Her show is
on as I write--fragmentary compositions of sherbety color and material,
seemingly free of (or wearing more lightly) the ideological freight of
much Glasgow art.
Glasgow Project Room. Established
in 1997, the Project Room is attached to Glasgow Independent Studios,
one of several alternatives to the biggest studio provider, WASPS
(Workshop and Artists' Studio Provision Scotland). WASPS also has
exhibition spaces in its various buildings, but somehow shows there
don't seem to command the attention that the Project Room does. Quite
established artists will propose shows here, as well as young emerging
ones. Exhibitions are usually short--an opening night and a few days'
run. Independent Studios and the Project Room were caught up in a recent
city regeneration scheme that sought to refurbish and 'showcase' the
arts ventures in the area (also including Transmission, Street Level
Photoworks and Glasgow Print Studio). The dangers of a corporatized
'culture hub' are obvious, but the Project Room has kept its credibility
in the new, rather institutional space. Tom Varley recently showed
sound work, painting, printed fabric and small collages with very long
titles.
SWG3. Again, studios with a gallery and
events venue attached; it's been going for around five years. West of
the city center, it's a tall warehouse squeezed in close to the river,
the motorway and the railway tracks (commuter trains rattle by at
second-floor level). Craig Mulholland installed an ambitious mixed-media
show here a year ago called
Dust Never Settles, seeking, as
the press release perhaps mischievously said, to 'foreground and
heighten the corporeal effects of increasing information noise relative
to virtual and concrete labour, within the context of indoctrination.'
More recently Jocelyn Villemont and Camille Houezec (both from France,
Glasgow MFA alumni) curated
Last Chance--eight Glasgow artists
exposing works that, for whatever reason, they had hitherto been afraid
to show. (Note the assumption that nowadays, in Glasgow at least, if an
artist does want to show a work, there will always be place to do so.)
Southside
Gallery. Formerly called The Fridge, this gallery, attached to
one of Glasgow's smaller but more active studio complexes, has
sometimes been programmed by guest curators. Filmmaker Gregor Johnstone
mounted a series of shows putting newer names with established ones, and
I was honored to be one of his more 'emerged' artists, showing two
paintings alongside a Tom Varley video and collage constructions by
Andrew Taylor. The space then was small, but the most dazzlingly bright
white cube imaginable. Artist Ben Walker (whose studio it also was,
between shows) created the environment as a Robert Irwin-like minimalist
exercise. His practice has since been moving more towards architecture
proper, and the gallery is now in a timber polyhedric pod constructed at
the rear of the building. The next event, with Dominic Snyder and Penny
Chiva, promises to straddle dance and visual art.
The
Duchy. So named because it's on Duke Street (at the city center
end, not close to Market Gallery). This is a small two-room shop with a
window on the street and a tiny office just big enough to serve the
beers from at openings. It punches way above its weight in terms of
attention. For the 2012 Glasgow International the Duchy's sprawling
group show extended into a large space in the middle of town--a slightly
moribund contemporary design museum called the Lighthouse. (It's a
peculiarity of Glasgow that the lively grass-roots infrastructure
sometimes contrasts with a lack of focus and energy in the more
mainstream arts venues.) The Duchy often shows recent GSA graduates, but
more senior figures will exhibit here too. Tony Swain hung work
alongside Andrew Black at the end of last year. Ross Sinclair, veteran
of the '90s Glasgow art boom, showed there recently (and launched an
album). Up next is Glasgow-trained painter Zara Idleson.
Verge.
This place is so new it's impossible to tell what its profile
will be. It's in a district way out west, Govan, where the last of the
shipyards are still running. Yet again, it's a studio collective
(Glasgow Artist Studios) that has set up the space, taking over a local
community cafe-gallery. They've had a few shows, mostly featuring
artists from the studios. Recently "in residence" there were four
artists-- Gwenan Davies, Jon Thomson, John Nicol and Carla Novi--working
together on narrative, towards an April exhibition titled "Cough ‘em if
they can't take a joke." Davies has also been active recently with
various collective 'home shows' under the rubric Gwenan International
(in parody of the much vaunted Glasgow International).
Intermedia.
This one specifically supports Glasgow-based artists, and it's funded
by the city, giving a small grant for each show selected from open
submissions. Founded back in 1992, it moved a few years ago from King
Street (close to Street Level and Transmission) when that location
started to get a civic face-lift. Now it has a space at the CCA (Centre
for Contemporary Art) and like Aye-Aye books, also there, it's given the
place a shot in the arm. The gallery is much smaller than the CCA's
own, but the shows can sometimes have more urgency. A recent one was
"21 Revolutions," celebrating the Glasgow Women's Library--another
of the city's crucial artist-founded institutions. Coming up at
Intermedia this spring is "Routine Investigations," a two-hander with
the ubiquitous Mimi Deschamps along with British-Canadian painter Justin
Stephens (both of whom until recently helped run the notable art space
Rez de Chaussée.)
OI-IIO. This venture
(pronounced Ohio) by artists Rachal Bradley and Matthew Richardson has
so far taken the form of short exhibitions at their west end apartment
(187 Wilton Street). They are about to move it to a town center
location. Bradley and Richardson were conspicuous among a particularly
ambitious MFA cohort in Glasgow graduating in 2012 with a memorable
exhibition at a cavernous space called the Glue Factory. So far projects
at OHIO have featured, among others, Hannah Sawtell, Milly Thompson,
Gordon Schmitt, Keith Farquhar and Lucy Stein. One aspect of the Glasgow
scene is a certain cross-generational impulse, as opposed to a cult of
the young, and most recently OHIO previewed, ahead of a London solo
show, five paintings by Carol Rhodes.
This article can be found online at:
http://www.artinamericamagazine.com/news-opinion/news/2013-04-30/artist-run-glasgow